Misinterpretasi Ayat Al-Hakimiyyah dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Radikalisme Modern: Studi Stilistika
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Abstract
Radicalism is not a thought that has emerged recently, but has existed since the Prophet Muhammad came with a prophetic message. Even Rasulullah SAW himself openly opposed these radicals. Radicalists often use the same verse in the Koran to treat groups who disagree with them as disbelievers. This research aims to reveal the stylistic perspective in opposing Radicalism's misinterpretation of the 'Al-Hakimiyyah verse' in surat Al-Maidah verse 44, and how this misinterpretation influences the thinking of modern radicalism. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with a stylistic approach. The type of research is text study with the main data being surat Al-Maidah verse 44. The data collection technique is analysis of the verse text, and the data analysis technique uses a literature study method based on Stylistics to reveal the language style in the verse. The results of this research reveal 4 stylistic characteristics (Isim Maushul Lil 'Aqil (من), Nafyul Fi'il Mudhori', Ma Al-Kulliyah, Taukidain: bil Jumlah Al-Ismiyah wa Taukid bid Dhomir) found in the verses of Al-Hakimiyyah and supports the opinion of Ahlusunnah ulama who say that this verse is a 'contextual verse' and not a 'textual verse'. As was also discovered, the great influence of misinterpretation of the Al-Hakimiyyah verse on modern radicalist thinking with the emergence of various groups of Modern Radicalists who adopted classical radicalist teachings, mainly due to errors in interpreting this 'Al-Hakimiyyah verse' textually.
Abstrak
Radikalisme bukanlah pemikiran yang muncul baru-baru ini, namun sudah ada sejak Rasulullah SAW datang membawa risalah kenabian. Bahkan Rasulullah SAW sendiri menentang para radikalis tersebut secara terang-terangan. Para Radikalis sering menggunakan ayat yang sama di dalam Al-Quran untuk menjadikan golongan yang tidak sependapat dengannya sebagai orang yang telah keluar dari Islam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap perspektif stilistika dalam menentang misinterpretasi kaum Radikalisme terhadap ‘ayat Al-Hakimiyyah’ pada surat Al-Maidah ayat 44, dan bagaimana pengaruh misinterpretasi tersebut terhadap pemikiran radikalisme modern. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Jenis penelitian adalah studi teks dengan data utama surat Al-Maidah ayat 44 yang dikumpulkan dengan teknik baca dan catat, dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode studi literatur berdasarkan stilistika dalam mengungkap gaya bahasa di dalam ayat. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkap 4 karakteristik stilistika yang ditemukan di dalam ayat Al-Hakimiyyah meliputi isim maushul lil ‘aqil (من), nafyul fi’il mudhori’, ma al-kulliyah, taukidain: bil jumlah al-ismiyah wa taukid bid dhomir. Karakteristik stilistika di dalam ayat ini menentang interprestasi kaum radikalis yang menganggap ayat Al-Hakimiyyah sebagai ‘ayat hakikat’. Sebagaimana ditemukan pula pengaruh besar dari misinterpretasi ayat Al-Hakimiyyah terhadap pemikiran radikalis modern dengan munculnya berbagai kelompok radikalis modern yang mengadopsi ajaran radikalis klasik, utamanya disebabkan karena kesalahan dalam menafsirkan ‘ayat Al-Hakimiyyah’ ini secara tekstual.
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